ARM

• ARMv7-M Architecture Reference Manual — The authoritative reference for the ARMv7-M architecture used by the Cortex-M4 processor in the XMC4700. It describes the instruction set, registers, exception and interrupt behavior, memory model, and other processor-level features. Use this when you need details about how the ARM processor core works rather than how an XMC4700-specific peripheral works.
• AMBA Advanced High-performance Bus (AHB) Protocol Specification — Defines ARM's AHB bus protocol, which is used for high-performance communication among processors, memories, and other components inside a microcontroller. This is mainly useful when studying memory-mapped I/O and understanding how the processor communicates with hardware within the MCU.
• AMBA Advanced Peripheral Bus (APB) Protocol Specification — Defines ARM's simpler APB bus protocol for communicating with lower-bandwidth peripherals. This reference is useful when studying peripheral buses and understanding how memory-mapped peripheral registers are connected to the processor.

Infineon XMC4700

Microcontroller Documentation

• XMC4700/XMC4800 Datasheet — Use this document to look up the physical capabilities and specifications of the XMC4700, including pin functions, electrical characteristics, memory sizes, clock limits, and available peripherals. This is usually the first place to look when determining what a particular MCU pin can do.
• XMC4700/XMC4800 Reference Manual — The detailed technical description of how the XMC4700 hardware works. Use this when you need to understand a peripheral such as GPIO, USIC (UART/SPI/I2C), CCU4/CCU8 timers, VADC, ERU, or DMA. It describes peripheral operation and registers in considerably more detail than the datasheet.
• XMC4700/XMC4800 Errata Sheet — Lists known hardware issues and deviations from the behavior described in the datasheet and reference manual, along with recommended workarounds. Check this if a peripheral appears to be configured correctly but is not behaving as expected.

Relax Lite Development Board

• XMC4700 Relax Lite Kit Product Page — Infineon's main product page for the development board used in EECS 373. It provides an overview of the board and links to supporting documentation and software.
• XMC4700/XMC4800 Relax Kit Series User Manual — The primary hardware reference for the development board. Use it to understand the board's connectors, power system, onboard debugger, LEDs, push buttons, expansion headers, and how these components connect to the XMC4700. The manual covers multiple Relax Kit configurations, so some optional components are not populated on the Relax Lite board.
• Relax Kit X1/X2 Header Pinout — Direct link to the expansion-header pinout in the board user manual. Use this when connecting external hardware to the X1 or X2 headers and determining which XMC4700 GPIO pin corresponds to each physical header pin.
• Relax Kit Schematics — Direct link to the schematic section of the board user manual. Use the schematics to trace connections between the XMC4700 and the board's connectors, LEDs, push buttons, debugger, USB interface, and power circuitry.

ModusToolbox and Development Tools

• ModusToolbox Software — Infineon's collection of development tools for creating, building, programming, and debugging embedded applications. This page provides ModusToolbox downloads, documentation, and related resources.
• Infineon ModusToolbox for VS Code — The official Infineon Visual Studio Code extension used with ModusToolbox. It integrates common development tasks into VS Code, including project management, building, programming the MCU, and launching the debugger.

Peripheral Libraries and Code Examples

• XMCLib API Reference — Documentation for Infineon's low-level XMC peripheral driver library. Use this to look up functions, configuration structures, constants, and parameters for peripherals such as GPIO, UART, SPI, I2C, timers, ADCs, and interrupts. This will often be the most useful reference when writing XMC4700 C code for the labs.
• XMC4000 Code Examples — Infineon's collection of example applications for XMC4000 microcontrollers. These examples are useful for seeing how peripherals are initialized and used in working code. When using an example, verify that it supports the XMC4700 and adapt its pin and peripheral configuration as needed for the EECS 373 hardware.

Saleae Logic Analyzer

• Saleae Logic 2 Software — Download the Logic 2 software used with the Saleae logic analyzers in the lab. Logic analyzers are useful for observing digital signals and debugging interfaces such as UART, SPI, and I2C. Logic 2 can display the captured waveforms and decode many common communication protocols.

Additional References

• “DC–DC Converters: A Primer” — Jaycar Electronics Technical Report, 2001. A short introduction to the operation of common DC–DC converter topologies.

Textbooks

There is no official textbook for this class. Instead, we focus on lecture material and the datasheets and reference manuals listed above. Given the broad nature of embedded systems, textbooks tend to be either so general that they are not particularly helpful for learning a specific hardware platform, or so platform-specific that many of the details do not generalize to other microcontrollers and embedded systems. Nevertheless, each of the following textbooks has its strengths and can be a useful reference for students looking for additional explanations or material to study.

• The Definitive Guide to ARM Cortex-M3 and Cortex-M4 Processors, Joseph Yiu (2013) — A useful reference for the ARM Cortex-M series of processors. It provides considerably more exposition and context than an architecture manual or datasheet, while remaining focused on the processor core rather than manufacturer-specific microcontroller peripherals.
• Embedded Systems with ARM Cortex-M Microcontrollers in Assembly Language and C, Third Edition, Yifeng Zhu (2017) — A nuts-and-bolts embedded systems textbook based primarily on STM32 microcontrollers. It is written at an accessible level and contains useful examples of ARM assembly, C, interrupts, and peripherals. Some topics do not go into the depth needed for EECS 373, and the STM32-specific details will differ from the XMC4700. Make sure to use the third edition or later.
• Introduction to Embedded Systems: A Cyber-Physical Systems Approach — A free textbook by Edward A. Lee and Sanjit A. Seshia. The book generally approaches embedded systems at a higher level of abstraction than we will use in EECS 373, but several sections are useful and the broader perspective is valuable for understanding how embedded systems fit into cyber-physical systems.